Brave New World And 1984 - 1150 Words

What would our world be like if we did not have religion? Would things be better or worse? There are so many different religious groups and practices that make up the simple fibers of our existence. The novels Brave New World and 1984 give us two different insights into what a world without religion would be like. Even though there is no true mention of God or other religions. Brave New World was written in 1931 by Aldous Huxley and later published in 1932. The novel is set in London in the year A.D. 2540, it anticipates developments in reproductive technology. Following Brave New World he wrote Brave New World Revisited(1958) and Island(1962). It is classified as a science fiction/ dystopian fiction. Huxley said that his first novel was†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å". . . about sixty thousand Indians and half-breeds. . . absolute savages. . . our inspectors occasionally visit. . . otherwise, no communication whatever with the civilized world. . . still preserve their repulsive habits and customs. . . marriage, if you know what that is ,my dear young lady; families. . . conditioning. . . monstrous superstitions. . . Christianity and totemism and ancestor worship. . . extinct languages, such as Zuà ±i and Spanish and Athapascan. . . pumas, porcupines and other ferocious animals. . . infectious diseases. . . priests. . . venomous lizards. . .† (6,3,103) The savages are the only ones left with self morals and religion. Because they are not connected with the outside (civilized) world they are free to do as they please when it comes to religious views/beliefs. Yet, they are treated like incompatible animals by the World State and â€Å"civilized people.† Then John is introduced, who is really the only good person in the novel. While John is certainly a highly flawed individual, with an over-emotional counter and at times quite violent demeanor, he s the only one in the story that actually cares about mortality. And what does that make him? A Savage. For John, life is a problem of accommodating different worlds. There s a paragraph in chapter 8 where John mashes these realms together, and ends it with this: â€Å"Lying in bed, he would think of Heaven and London and Our Lady of Acoma and theShow MoreRelatedA Brave New World vs. 1984991 Words   |  4 PagesA Brave New World vs. 1984 There are many similarities and differences between Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World and George Orwells 1984. With my analysis of both novels, I have come to the conclusion that they are not as alike as you would believe. A Brave New World is a novel about the struggle of John, ‘the savage, who rejects the society of the Brave New World when and discovers that he could never be truly happy there. 1984 is a novel about Winston, who finds forbidden loveRead MoreBrave New World vs 1984757 Words   |  4 PagesAldous Huxley s Brave New World is more relevant today than George Orwell s 1984. Although both of the two totalitarian societies are based on plausible premises, the Utopia depicted in Brave New World still has a chance of appearing today, while the Big Brother-dominated society created by Orwell, being based to some extent on the totalitarian societies that existed at the time of the book s inception, is simply obsolete. Brave New World remains more believable in modern times becauseRead More 1984 And Brave New World Essay566 Words   |  3 Pages Brave New World and 1984nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As I read Brave New World and 1984, I noticed how some of Aldous Huxley and George Orwell’s prophecies are becoming true. As science and technology progresses, we have the opportunity to alter few aspects of our lives, even though our freedom and privacy may be in jeopardy. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Brave New World, science allows babies to be artificially produced in a laboratory. Nowadays, parentsRead MoreComparing 1984 And Brave New World1364 Words   |  6 Pages1984 and Brave New World First Assignment Elizabeth Schepis Class: Monday and Wednesday There is a high probability that most people have heard of the saying, â€Å"Big Brother is watching you.† The saying comes from George Orwell’s book, 1984. A story which depicts a nightmarish view of society. Big Brother plays a key role throughout the novel for his surveillance state. Surveillance functions consistently in the dystopia, affecting the way individuals view themselves by their present day technologyRead More1984 Comparison to Brave New World3031 Words   |  13 Pagesagainst their basic instincts and think out loud are those who are first considered mavericks or protestors but over times become heroes to future generations. Which is why being an individual is the greatest think one can be. In both Brave New World by Aldous Huxley and 1984 by George Orwell individuals are punished or casted away from society as they are a danger to the artificially created stability which lies within these societies. In these dystopias measures have been taken to insure individual thinkingRead MoreComparison of A Brave New World and 1984 Essay642 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of A Brave New World and 1984 A Brave New World is a story about Bernard Marx, who rejects his society because he finds that he is not satisfied with living a controlled life. 1984 is a story about Winston who finds forbidden love within the restrictions of his society. These books are both in the same genre, so they can be easily compared and contrasted. The main similarities in the two pieces are the topics of the novels, the endings of the books, the nature of the charactersRead MoreGovernment Control Of 1984 And Brave New World1653 Words   |  7 PagesGovernment Control in 1984 and Brave New World In light of current events, society is more concerned than ever about just how much power the government has over people. Individuals are concerned that those in charge might implement policies that could deteriorate certain groups’ quality of living. To some, this may be foolish, but as is shown in some novels, this could happen, and when it does, it is hard to combat. In both George Orwell’s 1984 and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World authors depict societiesRead MoreEssay on 1984 vs Brave New World678 Words   |  3 Pages 1984 vs. Brave New World nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1984 and Brave New World, written by George Orwell and Aldous Huxley, respectively, are both books that reflect the authors vision of how society would end up at the course it was going at the time of the writing of the book. Both books were written more than fifty years ago, but far enough apart that society was going in a totally different direction at the time. There are many ways to compare these two books and point out the similaritiesRead More1984 vs. Brave New World Essay1442 Words   |  6 Pages1984 Vs. Brave New World Imagine a world in which people are produced in factories, a world lost of all freedom and individuality, a world where people are exiled or #8220;disappear#8221; for breaking the mold. Both 1984 by George Orwell and Aldous Huxley#8217;s Brave New World are startling depictions of such a society. Although these novels are of fictional worlds, control of the future may be subtly evolving and becoming far worse than Huxley or Orwell could ever have imaginedRead MoreCompare and Contrast 1984-Brave New World1326 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å" Do you see, then, what kind of world we are creating?† (Orwell, 1950 p.267)George Orwell, author of 1984 released in 1950, present the idea of a society that proves to be a dystopia as it is completely based on fear and rarely does one see happiness while in the other hand, Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World presents the idea of a functional utopia were feelings are destroyed and no one is unhappy because they don’t know happiness but all this could change by the hands of one outcast. These two societies

Adulthood and agıng Free Essays

The mental and emotional condition of old people with Alzheuimer’s disease can become a major issue in designing programs for their welfare.. They may feel depressed most of the time or have low self-esteem and worst, forget who they are. We will write a custom essay sample on Adulthood and agÄ ±ng or any similar topic only for you Order Now It becomes apparent that the program for their welfare be designed so that they can always recount their past. A program could be done on a daily basis, to make these people have fun while they are trying to recall memories of their past. The staff can help them as they try to remember and list down the names of their loved ones. This will make their minds active even up to their later years. The intervention plan shall incorporate cognitive, mental activities such as memory work, with pictures to enhance and make the activity fun for the elderly. There would be a program designed with the elder person and his/her family to be with her on a regular basis. To address the health needs of the aging population, the American Dietetic Association (ADA 2000) promoted the provision of â€Å"a broad array of culturally appropriate food and nutrition services, physical activities, and health and supportive care customized to accommodate the variations within this expanding population of older adults†. The association also asserted that â€Å"medical and supportive services, including culturally sensitive food and nutrition services that are appropriate to levels of independence, diseases, conditions, and functional ability, are key components of the continuum of care. Families of these elderly people must be mobilized so that even if there are hired caregivers for the senior, they are still there as a familiar face. Family caregivers need all the help they can get to provide care, including purchasing modifications to the home, purchasing labor-enhancing and labor-saving technologies, and figuring out how best to integrate caregivers in the atmosphere where she stays.   (Number of Elder-Physicians Declines as Elderly Population Explodes). The mental and emotional condition of old people is also a major issue in designing for the welfare of the elderly. Often, aging is associated with increased depression, loneliness and lower self-esteem as old people begin to be unable to do the usual activities they do while they were still young and strong. The need to move out of one’s home also adds to the emotional issues that the senior may be facing. It becomes apparent that facilities and environments created specifically for the elderly should promote mental and emotional well-being, aside from addressing the general health and medical needs of these people. For neglected elders, there are policies in place to strengthen legitimate place for elders to stay out of the depressive mood. Games can be played with the person being prodded to start the game and give the instructions to the group.    It is the responsibility of this family care center to ensure that they support the interests of the elderly under their care by providing them the kind of care and protection against all kinds of abuse or exploitation, thereby ensuring them of having quality of life even at an advance age. Institutions, whether government owned or privately owned, must be available and made known to elders so they have options available to stay in such institutions.   Social Security and Medical Care must be operational to assume their purposes for that the older population can avail of such benefits without need to depend upon their families for support. PROGRAM FOR NURSING HOME FACILITIES   The Nursing Home Facility that I envision will have a program for those who are battling with loneliness and depression. The staff will be alerted to individual eccentricities and these will be properly logged. If the staff notices changes or a person going into his/her depression, the staff will alert the management and that particular person will be made to do a task which she/he likes the most. This can run the gamut of leading the group in prayer or doing something like setting the table. An increased health care utilization must be done to address the recurring illnesses. Treatment of geriatric depression must be by medication combined with lots of psychotherapy â€Å"to cause not only transient symptom remission but also to maintain continuous wellness† (Sousa, 2005). The geriatric depression can be treated in 3 phases: (a) Acute, (b) continuation, and (c) maintenance phases.   â€Å"Acute phase is to achieve symptom remission; the continuation phase is to prevent relapse into the same episode with the same symptoms; (c) and the aim of maintenance treatment is sustaining the recovery and preventing recurrences† (De Sousa, 2005) There wil be regular morning exerices that shall be part of the daily routine of the elderly in this facility. There will be assigned leaders who will think of the specific exercise that will be done. The facility is responsible to the Department of Health and Human Services and to the federal state government which have set abuse and neglect provisions in medical and health services to the aging community. There are several alerts issued to facilities of this kind such as potential violations and the highlighting of illegal practices that it may uncover during the investigation of the incident. Other larger health organizations must again increase its scrutiny of home health expenditures to assure the public that the funds are properly administered. There are already provisions about Medicare to hold health agencies more accountable for inappropriate bills. There are available Senior Services Network Government Agencies that will hold this facility accountable for this misdeed.   In order to alleviate obstacles to a just resolution of patient suits, government agencies have also developed links to pertinent sections of the federal codes, relevant cases and helpful sites and musings on theories of liability. Most oversight functions rest with the states so that for example, this facility would be responsible to the Social Security Administration which have sections on enforcing standards for any category of group living arrangement. â€Å"In general, states’ regulations tend to focus on three main areas:   requirements for the living unit; admission and retention criteria; and the types and levels of services that may be provided. However, states vary widely on what they require.   For example, state regulations differ in their (1) licensing standards concerning admission and discharge criteria, staffing ratios, and training requirements; (2) inspection procedures that specify frequency, notification requirements, and inspector training; and (3) the range of enforcement mechanisms that are available and used.† (Long-Term Care and Consumer Protection). MEMORY INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS Family is said to be the primary caregiver of the elderly population and an elder’s tendency to depend upon their family for support, help and care are likely recognized, practiced and observed. Inadequate resources may cause problems in the way elders are treated hence they need to have support groups to address the inadequacies. The ongoing problems and concerns raised by the elderly population is a legitimate and eye opening, worldwide issue that needs immediate solutions before they get into   deeper and serious problems. If one cares for the young children who are the hope of the future, one must also give serious regard for the elders who once have contributed to what we have become today. By following the natural law, man is created by God to care for mankind and for all the natural creations in store in this world.   Let the caring for the elders be a serious commitment by both individuals and society. Let love for each other, no matter what age, race, ethnicity, status or gender we may belong, be our guiding principle to care for each other, so that love and justice will truly reign in our hearts. Administrators of this facility center must have appropriate Administrative and technical staff which will monitor the progress of the disease.   Alzheimer’s disease patients definitely needed a more personal care by a private nurse inside that facility even if social workers are around. A personal private nurse will be assigned to the elderly and which is needed including the scheduling of the appointment to the doctor. However, leaving it to the social workers in the facility is not advisable at all because they are not accountable to the Administrator all the time. The shifting of social workers and staff would make no one person accountable to what was happening to the people there with Alzheimer’s disease. To illustrate, let us take one person in this. Talking with her involves an interactive process based on certain fundamental principles in counseling and communication. The interactive process with this elderly with a slowly creeping Alzheimer’s disease can be very helpful in making her not lose grip of her memory. During the Stage 1 of a session with her, I can encourage self-exploration by offering a helping relationship characterized by emphatic understanding, genuineness and respect (Rogers, 1965). These are â€Å"receiving skills† and they are undergirded by concreteness—a focus on real happenings and their consequences. While offering these conditions, I begin to look diagnostically for the salient issues of elderly condition that relate to the patient’s concerns. While engaging her in an active verbal conversation, she describes her past life. I help her differentiate conditions of the past from conditions of the present so that a clearer understanding of attitudes and behaviors emerge. In the case of Grandma, as I may fondly call her in this papers, try to manipulate me into parental kinds of behavior. Displaying either hostility or dependency (seeking solutions from me). During the first stage of counseling, I was able to build the trust needed in this kind of session, and at the same time help the client focus on concrete concerns about which she personally must make decisions. Then, I use that trust that has been built to get involved more potently in helping her understand herself. I now respond not just to what she says but also to what she implies. I help her â€Å"reclaim† a part of herself that had been left behind at an earlier period in life. Such reclaimed qualities can lead to additions of fulfilling activities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   REFERENCES De Sousa, Avinash. (2005) Geriatic Depression: A Clinical Update. Indian Journal of Gerontology, Volume 19, No. 1 pp. 23-36 How Soon is too soon to screen people for Alzheimer’s Disease http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB119794558308135759.html Memory Improvement: Exercise keeps your mind sharp http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/memory-improvement/HA00085 Nursing Homes Struggle to Kick Drug Habits    http://online.wsj.com/article/SB119811286789841083.html Nursing Homes Struggle to Kick Drug Habits http://online.wsj.com/article/SB119811286789841083.html    How to cite Adulthood and agÄ ±ng, Papers

Business Environment Reinventing Performance Management†Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Reinventing Performance Management. Answer: Introduction The performance of any given organization is the key to its success or failure. An organization that does very little in making sure that performance of the employees is of benefit to the whole organization finds itself in a disadvantageous position. Employees are different. Even though there are employees who have the interest of their organizations at heart, there are employees who do not care at times and might not perform well in the workplace until they are pushed or forced to do so. Different organizations have different strategies that they employ when it comes to promoting the performance of the employees. Deloitte is a good example of organizations that have realized that performance in an organization is a major aspect that should not be ignored. The paper will be looking at the four core questions that reveal themselves after going through the case study of Deloitte and its ways of managing performance. Article summary Deloitte has seen the need to make sure that performance at the organization is taken to a higher level. The organization has seen that one of the best ways is to reinvent the way the management of performance is conducted within the organization. It is better to realize that when a team of employees comes together, they are likely to produce better results than when an employee works individually (Karatepe 2010). However, when it comes to managing performance, the employees are gauged at an individual level. The current approach used by Deloitte to achieve a high performance has not been effective and it is for this reason that the organization has seen the need to reinvent its strategies as far as performance management is concerned. Deloitte has used one of the unique methods of managing the performance of the employees. According to the management, the strategy is much simpler and looks at the needs of both the organization and the employees. It also accommodates all employees (Hancock, J; Allen, D; Bosco, F; McDaniel, K Pierce, C, 2013). The strategy does not only look at the interest of the organization, it also makes sure that despite the employees being pushed to performing better, there is a continuous learning process that makes the employees benefit as well. The system that Deloitte has been using in managing performance is one of the strategies that are used by many organizations from different parts of the world. Many organizations rate the performance of their employees at a yearly period. However, Deloitte has been doing it in a different way (Metcalfe, A; Margaret, B; Mariathasan, J Chiara, S, 2012). Besides rating the employees at the end of a year, each employee is allocated a counselor who helps the employee in knowing the best way to improve on the areas that were performed poorly. However, the organization has realized that managing performance once in a year is outdated. The modern business world is changing and competitiveness has been taken to a higher level (Hanan, 2010) To make sure that Deloitte gets to know about what motivates the employees to perform better, a research was conducted. The research showed that people are inspired differently to performing better. For example, the three groups of employees that were surveyed gave different reasons why they perform better. There are employees who believed that the mission of the company is an inspiration to them and motivates them in their daily activities. There are those who were motivated by the commitment of their co-workers at the workplace and there are those who associated their high performance with the freedom that is in the workplace. Deloitte realized that the only way that it would have managed the performance of its employees is by knowing the performance of each employee at an individual level (Goetsch, D Davis, S, 2014). At the workplace, there are different types of employees. Some employees are not good when it comes to accomplishing tasks. Such employees might hide behind the success of others and expect to be rewarded when others are being rewarded. It is for this reason that it is important to know how each and every employee performs. With such knowledge, it becomes easy to only reward those who deserve it rather than generally rewarding all employees (Mone, M London, M, 2014). Transparency is a virtue that should be held dearly by any employee. However, the study realized that transparency does not only come with the introduction of a working environment that is absent of physical walls. The study shows that the performance of the employees cannot be dictated by privacy. A research that was done in a hospital identified that the caregivers who attended to patients in the open were less productive compared to the caregivers who attended to their patients in enclosed areas. Such was an indication that performance is not all about transparency but about an individuals will (Evans, J Lindsay, J, 2013). The management would have thought that eliminating physical barriers would have led to employees performing better but that was not the case. One theory behind the study is that the physical protection of a working environment has its advantages. First, the employee is given time to research. A research gives one a blueprint that is useful in the process of solving the problem. The second advantage is the focus. When there are no interruptions, one tends to focus on the task ahead more than if there were interruptions. When people work together and are expected to handle individual tasks, it is important to give them enough time for themselves so as to make sure that they focus hence produce results that are beneficial. Digital transformation has also been named as one of the ways that can be used to improve and manage performance (Carter, M, Armenakis, A, Feild, H and Mossholder, K, 2013). Technology can be utilized to supervise and measure that physical performance of the employees. At the same time, it can be used in measuring the output and that might have an impact on performance management. Looking at the study, there are a lot of questions that emerge. However, only four core questions will be drawn from the text. The four questions are as follows; What is the relationship between leadership and performance management? What is the best way to manage performance? What are some of the factors that affect the performance of an organization? Does the leadership of an organization have effects on the performance of the employees? The impact of engaging leadership on performance, attitudes to work and wellbeing at work: A longitudinal study Summary The leadership of any institution has a lot to do with the performance of the institution. For many years, different leaders have employed different leadership styles and that has had effects on the performance of the employees in different ways. The well-being of the staff and their attitude is dictated by the leadership style that is employed in an organization (Metcalfe, A; Margaret, B; Mariathasan, J Chiara, S, 2012). To prove the theory that relates leadership and performance, a research was conducted. The study was aimed at looking at different types of leaderships and the effects they have on the employees performances. Some of the fields of leadership that were given much attention were leadership culture and leaderships capabilities. They were to be used to see how effective they are when it comes to organizational performance. The results were that leadership quality has a lot of effects on the staff (Atmojo, 2015). Though not directly, the leadership of an organization has an effect on the employees performances. Quality leadership motivated the employees, made them feel as part and parcel of the organization and gave them a positive attitude towards the organization and leadership hence motivating them to perform better. The topic of the article is relevant to the main article because they both tackle the same issue; performance management. Managing Performance: A Practical Perspective on Managing Employee Performance Summary At times, it can be challenging to manage employees with the aim of benefiting them and the organization that they work for. The responsibility is most of the times seen as a task of the manager. It is important for any organization to see its employees as just not laborers but as also an investment. With that in mind, the organization gets to appreciate the employees hence treating them with dignity and respect. Just the way an organization drafts a strategy and allocates funds to make sure that the strategy is effective, that is the same way that an organization should set aside money so as to make sure that different methods are used in order to motivate the employees to perform effectively (Mike, J Mark, S, 2011). There are different tools and methods that are used by organizations to manage performance. This article looks at the most practical methods since some methods are better when written down but too hard to implement. Some of the methods focused on are of benefit to the organizations and also employees. Appraisals, rewards, training, access to resources, goal setting, coaching, and feedbacks are some of the methods used (Mike, J Mark, S, 2011). It is important to note that all the methods are associated with leadership in any given organization since the absence of leadership would mean that there is no one to implement them. The article is related to the main article because it answers an important question from the main article. Factors affecting performance of hospital nurses in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia Summary Just the way there are methods to motivate the employees to perform better, the case is the same when it comes to limitations (Hanan, 2010). There are factors that affect the performance of the employees in an organization. One of the factors that are more common in many organizations is the working environment. The working environment in any organization must be conducive for the employees to be effective. Failure to that, an organization is likely to lose due to low performance. Personal factors also have an effect on how an employee performs. Some of other factors are marital status, years of experience, nationality, and gender. It is well known that one cannot exclude the personal lives of the employees from the workplace, therefore, the challenges that employees face at a personal level might have an effect on the performance of the employees. The article is related to the main article because it addresses the issue of performance. How do leadership practices influence nursing facility employee satisfaction? A multi-level structural equation model analysis of long -term care quality leadership practices Summary For employees in any given organization or institution to be effective, they must be motivated. In most cases, the people who are obligated to motivating the employees are the leaders. Therefore, if the leaders do not play their part, it is most likely for the employees to suffer (Mark, 2000). The healthcare industry is sensitive; this is because the employees are expected to save the lives of the patients. Therefore, there is a need for the leadership to make sure that the working environment is suitable for all employees. The practices of the leaders in place are of great concern as far as influencing the performance of the employees is concerned. For example, autocratic leaders are most likely to affect the performance of employees. This is because due to the fear instilled to the employees, they might end up cheating just for them to be on the safe side with the leadership. A leadership that listens to the employees and gives them a leveled ground is likely to benefit from their performance because such kind of leadership motivates the employees to work hard. The article is related to the main article because it addresses the matters addressed by the main article in depth. Bibliography Atmojo, M., 2015. The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Employee Performance. International Research Journal of Business Studies, p.5(2). Carter, M, Armenakis, A, Feild, H and Mossholder, K, 2013. Transformational Leadership, Relationship quality and Employee Performance During Continuous Incremental Organizational Change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, pp.34,(7), pp. 942-958. Carter, M; Armenakis, A; Feild, H Mossholder, K, 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Orientation, and Job Performance of Frontline Employees. Journal of Marketing, pp.78(3), pp. 20-37. Evans, J Lindsay, J, 2013. Managing for Quality and Performance Excellence. Boston: Cencage Learning. Goetsch, D Davis, S, 2014. Quality Management for Organizational Excellence. New Jersey: Pearson. Hanan, A., 2010. Factors Affecting Performance of Hospital Nurses in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. [Online] Available at: HYPERLINK "https://search.proquest.com/docview/229702584/4130C8DED7FE4E70PQ/2?accountid=30552"https://search.proquest.com/docview/229702584/4130C8DED7FE4E70PQ/2?accountid=30552 [Accessed 19 April 2017]. Hancock, J; Allen, D; Bosco, F; McDaniel, K Pierce, C, 2013. Meta-Analytic Review of Employee Turnover as a Predictor of Firm Performance. Journal of Management, pp.39(3), pp. 573-603. Karatepe, O. (2015) High-Performance Practices and Hotel Employee Performance: The Mediation of Work Engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 32, pp. 132-140. Korschun, D; Bhattacharya, C Swain, (2015) Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Orientation, and the Job Performance of Frontline Employees. Journal of Marketing. S, 78(3), pp. 20-37. Mark, O., 2000. How Do Leadership Practices Influence Nursing Facility Employee Satisfaction? A Multi-Level Structural Equation Model Analysis of Long Term Care Quality Leadership Practices. [Online] Available at: HYPERLINK "https://search.proquest.com/docview/304608937/23B95A61493B4E13PQ/3?accountid=30552" https://search.proquest.com/docview/304608937/23B95A61493B4E13PQ/3?accountid=30552 [Accessed 19 April 2017]. Metcalfe, A; Margaret, B; Mariathasan, J Chiara, S, 2012. The Impact of Engaging Leadership of Performance, Attitudes to Work and Well-being at Work: A Longitudinal Study. [Online] Available at: HYPERLINK "https://search.proquest.com/docview/197378722/EFCFE14B6D3B49E8PQ/1?accountid=30552" https://search.proquest.com/docview/197378722/EFCFE14B6D3B49E8PQ/1?accountid=30552 [Accessed 19 April 2017]. Mike, J Mark, S, 2011. Managing Performance: A Practical Perspective on Managing Employee Performance. [Online] Available at: HYPERLINK "https://search.proquest.com/docview/884214960/189E871F961D4C66PQ/1?accountid=30552" https://search.proquest.com/docview/884214960/189E871F961D4C66PQ/1?accountid=30552 [Accessed 19 April 2017]. Mone, M London, M, 2014. Employee Engagement through Effective Performance Management: A Practical Guide for Managers. London: Routledge. Park, T Shaw, J, n.d. Turnover Rates and Organizational Performance. A Meta-Analysis. Shields, J, Brown, M, Kaine, S, Dolle-Samuel, C, North-Samardzic, A, McLean, P, Johns, R, Robinson, J, O'Leary, P Plummer, G, 2015. Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.